What is Enology?
Enology is the science and study of wine and winemaking.
What is the difference between Viticulture and Enology?
Viticulture is the study of grape cultivation, while enology is the study of wine and winemaking.
What is the main compound in grapes?
About 80 % of the grapes is composed of water. This is followed by about 18 % of sugars, carbohydrates that will be consumed by yeasts (preferentially glucose) during alcoholic fermentation to produce alcohol, carbon dioxide and heat.
What are grape tannins?
Grape tannins are also called condensed tannins or proanthocyanidins based upon their chemical structure. Condensed tannins are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3-ols that are a sub-group of flavonoids. As a result of acid hydrolysis in presence of alcohol at high temperature, proanthocyanidin releases an anthocyanidin by breaking the interflavan bonds. Tannins are highly reactive with proteins and interacted with collagen from animal skins in the fabrication of leather when it has been discovered. This physico-chemical property is involved in the astringency perception of red wine.
Check out this article to learn further about tannins in Vitis species: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/9/2110/htm